OLED

What is it all about?

OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) is a display technology, made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted.

Because OLEDs produce (emit) light they do not require a backlight. This means that OLEDs can be made very thin and very power efficient when compared to LCD (which do require a white backlight). OLEDs can be used to create white-light, too.

So what does it mean to me?

OLEDs have the following advantages over today's flat-panel tech (LCD or plasma):

• Low power consumption - OLEDs are a far better choice for portable devices. It also makes OLEDs much more environmental friendly, and a candidate to be the white-light "bulb" of the future
• Faster refresh rate and better contrast.
  
• Greater brightness - The screens are brighter, and have a fuller viewing angle.
• Exciting displays - new types of displays, that we do not have today, like ultra-thin, flexible or transparent displays.
• Better durability - OLEDs are very durable and can operate in a broader temperature range
• Lighter weight - the screen can be made very thin, and can even be 'printed' on flexible surfaces

How does it work?

An OLED is made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. Here's Kodak's description of OLEDs -
"OLED displays stack up several thin layers of materials. They operate on the attraction between positively and negatively charged particles. When voltage is applied, one layer becomes negatively charged relative to another transparent layer. As energy passes from the negatively charged (cathode) layer to the other (anode) layer, it stimulates organic material between the two, which emits light visible through an outermost layer of glass."

Where can I find OLED displays today?

Today you can find small (up to 3 or 4 inch) organic displays in many types of devices - Cell phones, A/V players, car audio systems, Digital cameras and PDAs. The main attraction today is the small size, the low power consumption and the great brightness.
Here's our list of devices with an OLED display.

Why can't I buy an OLED TV?

Actually you can, sort of. In November 2007 Sony began to sell a limited amount of their 11" TVs (for about 2000$). It's actually more of a prototype than a real commercial product. Building large sized OLED displays is not easy, and it will take some time before companies are able to do it economically. One of the main challenges in oled displays are the life time, especially of the blue color, which is problematic for larger screens. There are constant progress in the lifetime of OLEDs, though.

Several companies (notably Sony, Samsung, LGDisplay, Toshiba and Panasonic) are working towards larger OLED displays, and hopefully by 2009 we'll see them available - probably around 10"-14" OLEDs for laptop displays at first.

You can follow our OLED-TV news feed here.

Can OLED produce white lighting?

One of the more exciting attributes of organic displays is the low power consumption, and the ability to operate as a light source. OLEDs can produce white light, and can provide the bulb of the future - low power and thin designs. As energy prices go up, and environmental issues take center stage, we can expect fast development in this field. Several companies are working towards OLED lighting, and hopefully we'll see some commercial products around 2011. You can follow the news about OLED lighting here.